Top 3 Supreme Court Cases Involving Japanese Internment

During World War II, not only did some Japanese Americans refuse to relocate to internment camps, they also fought federal orders to do so in court. These men rightfully argued that the government depriving them of the right to walk outside at night and live in their own homes violated their civil liberties. After Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941, the U.S. government  forced more than 110,000 Japanese Americans into detention  camps, but Fred Korematsu, Minoru Yasui, and Gordon Hirabayashi  defied orders. For refusing to do what they’d been told, these courageous men were arrested and jailed. They eventually took their cases to the Supreme Court—and lost.​ Although the Supreme Court would rule in 1954 that the policy of â€Å"separate but equal† violated the Constitution, striking down Jim Crow in the South, it proved incredibly shortsighted in cases related to Japanese  American internment. As a result, Japanese Americans who argued before the high court that curfews and internment infringed upon their civil rights had to wait until the 1980s for vindication. Learn more about these men. Minoru Yasui v. the United States When Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, Minoru Yasui was no ordinary twenty-something. In fact, he had the distinction of being the first Japanese American lawyer admitted to the Oregon Bar. In 1940, he began working for the Consulate General of Japan in Chicago but promptly resigned after Pearl Harbor to return to his native Oregon. Shortly after Yasui’  arrived in Oregon, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066 on Feb. 19, 1942. The order authorized the military to bar Japanese Americans from entering certain regions, to impose curfews on them and to relocate them to internment camps. Yasui deliberately defied the curfew. â€Å"It was my feeling and belief, then and now, that no military authority has the right to subject any United States citizen to any requirement that does not equally apply to all other U.S. citizens,† he explained in the book And Justice For All. For walking the streets past curfew, Yasui was arrested. During his trial at the U.S. District Court in Portland, the presiding judge acknowledged that the curfew order violated the law but decided that Yasui had forsaken his U.S. citizenship by working for the Japanese Consulate and learning the Japanese language. The judge sentenced him to a year in Oregon’s Multnomah County Jail. In 1943, Yasui’s case appeared before the U.S. Supreme Court, which ruled that Yasui was still a U.S. citizen and that the curfew he’d violated was valid. Yasui eventually ended up at an internment camp in Minidoka, Idaho, where he was released in 1944. Four decades would pass before Yasui was exonerated. In the meantime, he would fight for civil rights and engage in activism on behalf of the Japanese American community. Hirabayashi v. the United States Gordon Hirabayashi was a University of Washington student when President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066. He initially obeyed the order but  after cutting a study session short to avoid violating the curfew, he questioned why he was being singled out in a way  his white classmates were not. Because he considered the curfew to be a violation of his Fifth Amendment rights, Hirabayashi decided to intentionally flout it. â€Å"I was not one of those angry young rebels, looking for a cause,† he said in a 2000 Associated Press interview. â€Å"I was one of those trying to make some sense of this, trying to come up with an explanation.† For defying Executive Order 9066 by missing curfew and failing to report to an internment camp, Hirabayashi was arrested and convicted in 1942. He ended up jailed for two years and did not win his case when it appeared before the Supreme Court. The high court argued that the executive order was not discriminatory because it was a military necessity. Like Yasui, Hirabayashi would have to wait until the 1980s before he saw justice. Despite this blow, Hirabayashi spent the years after World War II getting a master’s degree and a doctorate in sociology from the University of Washington. He went on to a career in academia. Korematsu v. the United States Love motivated Fred Korematsu, a 23-year-old shipyard welder, to defy orders to report to an internment camp. He simply did not want to leave his Italian  American girlfriend and internment would have separated him from her. After his arrest in May 1942 and subsequent conviction for violating military orders, Korematsu fought his case all the way to the Supreme Court. The court, however, sided against him, arguing that race did not factor into the internment of Japanese Americans and that internment was a military necessity. Four decades later, the luck of Korematsu, Yasui, and Hirabayashi changed when legal historian Peter Irons stumbled upon evidence that government officials had withheld several documents from the Supreme Court stating that Japanese Americans posed no military threat to the United States. With this information in hand, Korematsu’s attorneys appeared in 1983 before the U.S. 9th Circuit Court in San Francisco, which vacated his conviction. Yasui’s conviction was overturned in 1984 and Hirabayashi’s conviction was  two years later. In 1988, Congress passed the Civil Liberties Act, which led to a formal government apology for internment and payment to of $20,000 to internment survivors. Yasui died in 1986, Korematsu in 2005 and Hirabayashi in 2012.

An Explosion of Reality Television - 1968 Words

In the last decade, the explosion of Reality TV programmes has revealed the viewers preferences for realism as oppose to fiction. Both of them (documentary and Reality TV) are based on ordinary lives and real stories, nevertheless it is crucial to remark that even though Reality TV is influenced by earlier observation documentary, these current shows are based on entertainment. If Reality TV is such a hit with audiences, why does the most critical commentary regard it a negative light? Traditionally, documentary is considered a â€Å"sober† genre (Nichols, 1991) with a solid tradition of social commentary, while Reality TV is seen as an insignificant genre. On the other hand, the increase of new hybrids formats erasers this idea finding documentaries based on entertainment and reality shows based on social issues. â€Å"New hybrid versions of documentary and reality television produce a new kind of public sphere in which shared knowledge and the experience of the everyday ta ke center stage†, (Bignell, 2005:71). This reinforces the idea that Reality TV has broken the boundary between private and public. The audiences’ desire is to feel the guilty pleasure, a voyeuristic experience of feeling part of ordinary people’s lives and demand to watch it on television. Baudrillard claims this idea is based on â€Å"a kind of primal pleasure, of anthropological joy in images, a kind of brute fascination unencumbered by aesthetic, social, moral, or political judgments† (Baudrillard RepresentingShow MoreRelatedThe Sopranos Essay515 Words   |  3 PagesThe Sopranos The media and specifically television portray Italian Americans as criminals or people of power in the illegal world. Television portrays their ethnicity on a stereotypical background that most people have come to know as truth. There is a show on cable called the Sopranos. This show is a depiction of the New Jersey mafia and how it handles its day to day operations. The shows creators and writers have put together a wonderful exaggeration of how the New Jersey organizedRead MoreThe E ! 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Cuba Essay Research Paper In this paper free essay sample

Cuba Essay, Research Paper In this paper I hope to turn out that the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion was one of misdirection, certitude, and deficiency of security. The incrimination for the failure of the operation falls straight in the lap of the Central Intelligence Agency and a immature president and his dvisors. The consequence of the invasion caused a rise in tenseness between the two great world powers and ironically 39 old ages after the event, the individual that the invasion was meant get rid of, Fidel Castro, is still in power. On April 17th 1961 the assault on the Bay of Pigs began at 2 a.m. with a squad of trained Cuban expatriates who went ashore to interest out the country for the chief undertaking force. At 2:30 a.m. and at 3:00 ante meridiem two battalions came ashore at Playa Girn and one battalion at Playa Larga beaches. The military personnels at Playa Girn had orders to travel north-west, up the seashore and meet with the military personnels at Playa Larga in the center of the bay. A little group of work forces were so to be sent North to the town of Jaguey Grande to procure it every bit good. When looking at a modern map of Cuba it is obvious that the military personnels would hold jobs in the country that was chosen for them to set down at. The country around the Bay of Pigs is a boggy fen land country which would be hard on the military personnels. The Cuban forces were speedy to respond and Castro ordered his T-33 trainer jets, two Sea Furies, and two B-26s into the air to halt the invading forces. Off the seashore were the bid and control ship and another vass transporting supplies for the invading forces. The Cuban air force took out the supply ships, droping the bid vessel the Marsopa and the supply ship the Houston. In the terminal the 5th battalion was lost, which was on the Houston, every bit good as the supplies for the landing squads and eight other smaller vass. With some of the invading forces # 8217 ; ships destroyed, and no bid and control ship, the operation shortly broke down as the other supply ships were kept at bay by Castro # 8217 ; s air force. Over the 72 hours that the invasion lasted the Cubans pounded on the US backed expatriates of about 1500 work forces. By Wednesday the encroachers were pushed back to their landing zone at Playa Girn. Surrounded by Castro # 8217 ; s forces some began to give up while others fled into the hills. In all 114 work forces were killed while 36 died as captives in Cuban cells. Many where left in the Cuban cells for over 20 old ages as captives of war. The 1500 work forces of the occupying force neer had a opportunity for success from about the first yearss in the planning phase of the operation. The invasion was called Operation Pluto and it had originally been suggested by the Eisenhower disposal yet carried over when John F. Kennedy became president. American policies holding to cover with Latin America in the late 1950 # 8217 ; s to the early 1960 # 8217 ; s were based on America # 8217 ; s economic involvements and its anti-communism. In 1950 George Kennan spoke about the American policy with Latin America he said that American policy had several intents in the part, # 8220 ; To protect the critical supplies of natural stuffs which Latin American states export to the USA ; to forestall the # 8216 ; military development of Latin America by the enemy # 8217 ; [ The Soviet Union ] ; and to debar # 8216 ; the psychological mobilisation of Latin America against us. # 8221 ; By the 1950s trade with Latin America accounted for about 25 % of American exports, and 80 % of the investings in Latin America was besides by the United States. In the spring of 1960, President Eisenhower approved a program to direct little groups of American trained, Cuban exiles to work on subverting Castro. By the autumn, the program was changed to a full invasion with air support by exiled Cubans in American supplied planes. The group was to be trained in Panama, but with the growing of the operation and the accelerating gait of events in Cuba, it was decided to travel things to a base in Guatemala. The program was going rushed and this would get down to demo. The adult male in charge of the operation, CIA Deputy Director Bissell said, # 8220 ; There didn # 8217 ; t seem to be clip to maintain to the original program and have a big group trained by this initial cell of immature Cubans. So the larger group was formed and established at La Finca, in Guatemala, and at that place the preparation was conducted wholly by Americans. # 8221 ; It was now autumn and a new president had been elected. President Kennedy could hold stopped the invasion if he wanted to yet he didn # 8217 ; t. There were a few cardinal factors in which he believed it was a good thought to travel with it, one he had campaigned for some signifier of action against Cuba and it was besides the tallness of the cold war, to endorse out now would intend holding groups of Cuban expatriates going around the Earth stating how the Americans had backed down on the Cuba issue. In competition with the Soviet Union, endorsing out would do the Americans look weak on the international scene. Furthermore by domestic ingestion the new president would be seen as endorsing off from one of his run promises. The 2nd ground Kennedy likely didn # 8217 ; t abort the operation is the chief ground why the operation failed, jobs with the CIA. The failure at the CIA led to Kennedy into doing hapless determinations, which would impact future dealingss with Cuba and the Soviet Union. The failure at CIA had three causes. First the incorrect people were managing the operation, secondly the bureau in charge of the operation was besides the one supplying all the intelligence for the operation, and thirdly for an organisation purportedly obsessed with security the operation in itself it had security jobs. In charge of the operation was the Director of Central Intelligence, Allan Dulles and chief duty for the operation was left to one of his deputies, Richard Bissell. In was geared chiefly for European operations against the USSR, both work forces were missing in experience in Latin American personal businesss. Those in charge of Operation Pluto based this new operation on the success of a past Guatemalan escapade, but the state of affairs in Cuba was much different than that in Guatemala. In Guatemala the state of affairs was sti ll helter-skelter and Arbenz, the Guatemalan president, neer had the same control over the state that Castro had on Cuba. The CIA had the United States Ambassador, John Puerifoy, working on the interior of Guatemala organizing the attempt, in Cuba they had none of this piece Castro was being supplied by the Soviet block. In add-on, after the overthrow of the authorities in Guatemala, Castro was cognizant that this may go on to him every bit good and likely had his guard up waiting for anything that my indicate that an invasion was at hand. The 2nd job was that the CIA was a new organisation, which felt that it had to turn out itself, it saw its chance in Cuba. Obsessed with secretiveness, it kept the figure of people involved to a lower limit. The intelligence wing of CIA was kept out of it, their Board of National Estimates could hold provided information on the state of affairs in Cuba and the opportunities for an rebellion against Castro one time the invasion started. Besides kept out of the cringle were the State Department and the Joint Chiefs of Staff who could hold provided aid on the military side of the escapade. In the terminal, the CIA kept all the information for itself and passed on to the president merely what it thought he should see. Lucien S. Vandenbroucke, in Political Science Quarterly of 1984, based his analysis of the Bay of Pigs failure on organisational behaviour theory. On the CIA # 8217 ; s behavior he concludes that, # 8220 ; By fall backing to the typical organisation scheme of specifying t he options and supplying the information required to measure them, the CIA therefore structured the job in a manner that maximized the likeliness the president would take the bureau # 8217 ; s preferred option. # 8221 ; The CIA made certain the deck was stacked in their favour when the clip came to make up ones mind whether a undertaking they sponsored would travel through. President Kennedy # 8217 ; s Secretary of State at the clip was Dean Rusk, in his autobiography he says that, # 8220 ; The CIA told us all kinds of things about the state of affairs in Cuba and what would go on one time the brigade got ashore. President Kennedy received information which merely was non right. For illustration, we were told that elements of the Cuban armed forces would desert and fall in the brigade, that there would be popular rebellions throughout Cuba when the bri gade hit the beach, and that if the expatriate force got into problem, its members would merely run into the countryside and go guerillas, merely as Castro had done.† As for senior White House Plutos, most of them disagreed with the program every bit good, but Rusk says that Kennedy went with what the CIA had to state. Yet he said that he # 8220 ; Did non function President Kennedy really good, # 8221 ; because he should hold told him about his concerns. He concluded that # 8220 ; I should hold made my resistance clear in the meetings themselves because he [ Kennedy ] was under force per unit area from those who wanted to proceed. # 8221 ; When faced with colored information from the CIA and quiet advisers, it is no admiration that the president decided to travel in front with the operation. For an organisation that deals with security issues, the CIA # 8217 ; s deficiency of security in the Bay of Pigs operation is dry. Security began to interrupt down before the invasion when The New York Times reporter Tad Szulc # 8220 ; learned of Operation Pluto from Cuban friends # 8221 ; earlier that twelvemonth while in Costa Rica covering an Organization of American States meeting. Another dislocation in security was at the preparation base in Florida, local occupants near Homestead [ air force base ] had seen Cubans boring and heard their speaker units at a farm. As a gag some bangers were thrown into the compound. The ensuing incident was the Cubans firing their guns and the federal governments holding to convert the local governments non to press charges. Operation Pluto was get downing to acquire blown broad unfastened, the advantage of surprise was lost even this early in the game. After the initial bombardment foray of April 15th, and the landing of the B-26s in Florida, images of the planes were taken and published in newspapers. In the exposure of one of the planes, the olfactory organ of the theoretical account of the B-26 the Cubans truly used had a Plexiglas olfactory organ, the CIA had taken the strivings to mask the B-26 with # 8220 ; FAR # 8221 ; markers [ Cuban Air Force ] . All Castro # 8217 ; s people had to make was read the newspapers and they # 8217 ; vitamin D know that something was traveling to go on, that those planes that had bombed them were non their ain but American. In The New York Times of the 21st of April, stories about the beginnings of the operation in the Eisenhower disposal appeared along with headlines of # 8220 ; C.I.A. Had a Role In Exiles # 8217 ; Plans # 8221 ; uncovering the CIA # 8217 ; s engagement. By the 22nd, the narrative is to the full known with headlines in The New York Times saying that # 8220 ; CIA is Accused by Bitter Rebels # 8221 ; and on the 2nd page of that twenty-four hours # 8217 ; s issue is a full article on the inside informations of the operation from its beginnings. The decision one can pull from the articles in The New York Times is that if newsmans knew the whole narrative by the 22nd, it can be expected that Castro # 8217 ; s intelligence service and that of the Soviet Union knew about the planned invasion every bit good. Tad Szulc # 8217 ; s study in the April 22nd edition of The New York Times says it all, # 8220 ; As has been an unfastened secret in Florida and Central America for months, the C .I.A. planned, coordinated and directed the operations that ended in licking on a beachhead in southern Cuba Wednesday. # 8221 ; It is clear so that portion of the failure of the operation was caused by a deficiency of security and attending to detail on the portion of the Central Intelligence Agency, and misinformation given to the president. On the international scene, the Bay of Pigs invasion lead straight to increased tensenesss between the United States and the Soviet Union. During the invasion messages were exchanged between Kennedy and Khrushchev sing the events in Cuba. Khrushchev accused the Americans of being involved in the invasion and stated in one of his messages, # 8220 ; A alleged # 8220 ; little war # 8221 ; can bring forth a concatenation reaction in all parts of the universe. . . we shall render the Cuban people and their Government all necessary aid in crushing back the armed onslaught on Cuba. # 8221 ; Kennedy replied giving American positions on democracy and the containment of communism, he besides warned against Soviet engagement in Cuba stating to Khrushchev, # 8220 ; In the event of any military intercession by outside force we will instantly honour our duties under the inter-American system to protect this hemisphere against external aggression. # 8221 ; Even though this crisis passed, it s et the phase for the following major crisis over Soviet atomic missiles in Cuba and likely led to the Soviets increasing their military support for Castro. In the disposal itself, the Bay of Pigs crisis led to a few alterations. First off person had to take the incrimination for the matter and, as Director of Central Intelligence, Allen Dulles was forced to vacate and left CIA in November of 196. Internally, the CIA was neer the same, although it continued with covert operations against Castro, it was on a much-reduced graduated table. Harmonizing to a study of the Select Senate Committee on Intelligence, future operations were # 8220 ; To nurture a spirit of opposition and alienation which could take to important desertions and other byproducts of unrest. # 8221 ; The CIA besides now came under the supervising of the president # 8217 ; s brother Bobby, the Attorney General. Harmonizing to Lucien S. Vandenbroucke, the result of the Bay of Pigs failure besides made the White House suspicious of an operation that everyone agreed to, made them less loath to oppugn the experts, and made them play # 8220 ; devil # 8217 ; s advocates # 8221 ; when oppugning them. In the terminal, the lessons learned from the Bay of Pigs failure may hold contributed to the successful handling of the Cuban missile crisis that followed. The long-run effects of the Bay of Pigs invasion are a small harder to measure. The ultimate indicant of the invasions # 8217 ; failure is that 39 old ages subsequently Castro is still in power. This non merely indicates the failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion, but American policy towards Cuba in general. The American policy instead than sabotaging Castro # 8217 ; s support, has likely contributed to it. As with many wars, even a cold one, the leader is able to beat up his people around him against an attacker. When Castro came to power he instituted reforms to assist the people and stop corruptness, no longer having aid from the Soviet Union things are get downing to alter. He has opened up the Cuban economic system for some investing, chiefly in telecommunications, oil geographic expedition, and other ventures. In an effort to remain in power, he is seeking to accommodate his state to the new world of the universe. Rather than stamp downing the educated leaders, he is giving them a topographic point in steering Cuba. The inquiry is, will they finally want more power and a right to command Cuba # 8217 ; s destiny without Castro # 8217 ; s counsel and support? If the prostration of past governments is any indicant, they will finally desire more power. When Castro came to power in 1959, the major oppositions in America to him, as with Guatemala, were the concern involvements who were losing out as a consequence of his constabularies. The major force per unit area for the Americans to make something came, non merely from the Cuban expatriates in Florida, but from those concerns. Today, the tabular arraies are turned and concerns are fring out because of the American trade stoppage against Cuba. It is estimated that if the trade stoppage were lifted, $ 1 billion of concern would be generated for US companies that first twelvemonth. Right now, 100 houses have gone to Cuba to speak about making concern at that place after the trade stoppage is lifted. Will American policy alteration toward Cuba because of force per unit area from concern involvements and turning jobs with refugees from Cuba? Given the grounds why the United States got involved in Latin American political relations in the first topographic point, it is really likely tha t their place will alter if they can happen a manner to make so. American policy at this clip though is still stuck in the cold war, the former presidents of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee Jesse Helms said that, # 8220 ; Whether Castro leaves Cuba in a perpendicular or horizontal place is up to him and the Cuban people. But he must and will go forth Cuba. # 8221 ; The failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion was caused by misinformation and misdirection, the effects of for the Americans was an addition in tenseness between the world powers at the tallness of the cold war. We will merely hold to wait and see if the Americans have truly learned their lesson and will non lose another chance to put things right in Cuba.

Strategic and Operational Management

Question: Discuss about the Strategic and Operational Management. Answer: Introduction: Moorland Sport and Leisure centre as an emerging organization has great prospect in future, provided the organization is able to implement the required strategies, after taking into serious consideration, the issues the organization is currently encountering. Various sport and leisure organizations have been sprawling up in different corners of Australia, and hence it has become imperative to take up the necessary steps to help Moorland Sport and Leisure centre, become a distinguished centre. Here, the report intends to analyze and critically evaluate the strategies that are being proposed in the draft (Theodorakis et al. 2014). Discussion: It has been found out that the organization has not been able to attract a huge number of consumers and due to space scarcity, the organization, is unable to accommodate a huge crowd during the peak hours. The lack of management and an integrated approach to administration has been traced as the major reason causing the issue. As it can be observed that the main issue here is a huge lack of working staff (Clegg et al. 2015). The organization does not follow a strict system of workforce segmentation, and there is only one booking agent, as a result of which it is impossible for him to keep a track on the number of bookings done on a single day. Each detail of the bookings is done by the agent employing a manual method, and hence electronic record of transactions is required. However, despite this being a serious problem, it has been learnt that the organization does not have sufficient space to expand itself within the area. Hence, hiring two booking agents and recording the detail of each booking on computer, can help in the systematic and organized management of the organization (Rice 2013). An organization, may be big enough, and may have a variety of amenities, but it will never be able to gain recognition, unless it is able to select the most effective promotional strategy. It has been learnt that Moorland Sport and Leisure centre relies more on traditional method of marketing, and hence employs the use of leaflets, and newspapers to reach out to the audience. However, this does not help the organization build a valued relation with the consumers, who are already availing the service of other organizations. Hence, the use of social media marketing is important. Social media marketing will not only assist the organization in interacting with the consumers as already stated, but most importantly it will also help in the process of demographic segmentation of the target market (Tuten and Solomon 2014). Social media tools, such as Facebook or Google Analytics, helps in analyzing the demographic filed and interest data of the users, thereby helping in the approach of the r ight consumers at the right time (Stelznar 2012). The organization at present has a very small budget, and hence it requires investing more money. However, apart from the staff cost and administrative and advertisement expense, the organization also spends a considerable amount of money for the maintenance of the 50m swimming pool, and the large multi- sport hall. However, it has been observed that the organization chiefly focuses and spends on the swimming based activities , while it should also spend a considerable sum of money for establishing a gym with modern amenities, a fitness studio as well as new sport clubs (Brigham et al. 2013). It is important for the organization to introduce modern amenities that can help the organization demarcate itself from the rival organizations. The organization at present remains open from 6Am to 10PM on weekdays. However, during the weekends, the organization has decided to keep open till 12 AM, in order to help the consumers avail the best of their service. Apart from the gym and the fitness centre, and the multi-sport facility centers, the organization, has recently set up the sauna and steam spa centers (Annarelli and Nonino 2016). Recommendation: Online booking can help the organization gain greater accessibility among the consumers, and hence online booking should be used for reaching out to a greater number of consumers. In addition, offering concessions and attractive offers on the subscription fees via online booking system, can be used to retain the old consumers and attract the new consumers. Once Moorland Sport and Leisure centre establishes itself as a recognized organization, it can expand itself in other parts of the country, whereby its accommodation problem can be mitigated to a considerable extent. The organization is understaffed, and this can pose a serious threat to the organization. Hiring the employees on a full time basis is not sufficient to solve the problem. Te organization has to invest an enormous amount of money for increasing the workforce, and sufficiently motivating the existent employees, by providing them with long term benefits, such as pension, so that they can work with an increased rate of pr oductivity and efficiency. It is also recommended that the organization keeps on introducing new features that can largely help in attracting new consumers. The introduction of more new facilities, such as the recently introduced sauna and steam spas, can be highly beneficial for the organization. While stakeholder satisfaction is important the organization seems to focus too much on the employees, and not on the consumers. Hence, it is not only necessary to motivate the existent employees, but introducing innovative strategies, such as crche, tennis court, station gyms or even holiday kids clubs, is important. Further, it should be remembered that communicating the mission and vision to the employees is important, but at the same time it is important to make them aware of the shared benefits of performing well, with the help of various workshops and seminars. Workshops and seminars can help in motivating the employees, and will help them work, with an integrated approach, something highly important in a service organization. Conclusion: Moorland Sport and Leisure centre can emerge as a reputed organization provided the organization takes into consideration the recommendations and changes that are being proposed here. Although the strategy employed by the organization at present is not completely ineffective, yet it is advised that the organization introduces innovative strategies, and develops modern facilities, to sustain itself in a highly competitive market. Reference List: Annarelli, A. and Nonino, F., 2016. Strategic and operational management of organizational resilience: Current state of research and future directions.Omega,62, pp.1-18. Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013.Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Clegg, S.R., Kornberger, M. and Pitsis, T., 2015.Managing and organizations: An introduction to theory and practice. Sage. Edginton, C.R., 2013. History of the World Leisure Organization: a 50-year perspective and analysis.World Leisure Journal,55(3), pp.264-297. Rice, A.L., 2013.The enterprise and its environment: A system theory of management organization(Vol. 10). Routledge. Stelzner, M.A., 2012.2012 social media marketing industry report: how marketers are using social media to grow their businesses. social media examiner. Theodorakis, N.D., Howat, G., Ko, Y.J. and Avourdiadou, S., 2014. A comparison of service evaluation models in the context of sport and fitness centres in Greece.Managing Leisure,19(1), pp.18-35. Tuten, T.L. and Solomon, M.R., 2014.Social media marketing. Sage.

Working for Ones Passions free essay sample

I believe that neither passion without exertion nor drive without interest is enough to achieve true happiness. I believe that no matter your talent, upbringing or luck in life, if one works hard for something you believe in, one will always achieve Jefferson’s so-called â€Å"pursuit of happiness.† I see people out there with firm devotion yet no work ethic to reach their goals. They sit down every day with their dreams, and believe in their own hypocrisy that mere enthusiasm without drive will get them to their dreams. I have little respect for those who say but do not do. But it is the latter group of people, those with work ethic but not belief, which are more common and more severe an issue in our lives. With relative ease, I can think of many people with pertinence to said group, including my own family. My parents were born in China with little money. We will write a custom essay sample on Working for Ones Passions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Back then, and in China today, competition between your peers was fierce; my mom and dad spent every waking moment studying past the curriculum to achieve enough academic ranking to come to America and work as computer programmers making six-digit salaries. But I’ve long since figured out that they did this out of necessity and pressure, and not out of passion. I admire their hard work, but when I look deep down into their hearts, the work they do is more a paycheck to them than a pursuit of inner gain. Neither of these paths seems like the correct lifestyle to achieve life’s true goal of happiness. But then I see people of all different classes, who have both passion and drive. I see people from all different income levels, from kindergarten teachers to doctors to musicians, working hard for what they truly want to do. Salaries are not what drive them; the job itself does. My history teacher was a remarkable example of just that. Born and raised as a child prodigy, she went to a special private school and later double majored at Harvard. And while she taught university for a while, she now teaches high school history. Many people have trouble seeing a Harvard PhD working as a high school teacher, but I admire it. She does it out of her passion for teaching, and does it well past the job requirements, working hard to do what she believes in, not to earn a huge salary. Once, my history teacher told her class, as she was recommending students for the honors class next year: â€Å"If you are considering this because you want a higher GPA and nothing more, please leave as there is no chance you will succeed in said class.† From her I realized that despite the undividedly hard-working environment in which our education system pertains, the true reason to be in school isn’t for the opportunity to go to higher education or getting a good job, but to learn the skills you need to truly find and work for your passion. And today, I work as hard as my parents did, but not for the pure goal of financial success but the dream of truly learning, so that one day, I might come up with enough wisdom from those before me to find a true passion of my own.

Ethics and Land Use Behavior

Ethics and Land Use Behavior Introduction Ethics refers to a code of conduct that defines how individuals should behave or interact with others and the surrounding environment (MacKinnon 15). The code of conduct is informed by the principles of right (good) and wrong (evil).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics and Land Use Behavior specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Engaging in ethical behavior involves making a choice between what is deemed to be right or wrong. An ethical individual must be able to distinguish right from wrong, as well as, good from evil. Furthermore, the individual must make a commitment to do only what is right or good (MacKinnon 18). Making ethical decisions is often difficult due to the values and attitudes that are held by individuals. Moreover, the professional, economic and social contexts in which a person operates can challenge his ability to pursue ethical goals. In this paper, a distinction will be made between rig ht and wrong behaviors in the context of land usage. This distinction will be underpinned by the premise that an ethical individual must do what is right to do rather than what he has a right to do. Land Use Behavior In most communities, individuals have competing values that create difficulties and contentions in the process of making land use decisions. Generally, land ethic is used as a principle for prioritizing the possible uses of the available land. Concisely, it helps community members and decisions of conflict of interest in land management initiatives include the following. To begin with, commissioners can enjoy personal financial benefits by voting for decisions that affect a region where they own large pieces of land (Sanghera and Satybaldieva 96-114).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics and Land Use Behavior specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, a commissioner can vote against controlled deve lopment in a municipality where he owns land so that he can construct as many buildings as possible. Conflict of interest can also occur if the decision taken by a commissioner can benefit any of his blood relatives. The benefit can be in the form of financial gain or unfair acquisition of land. Finally, conflict of interest can occur if land use issues are used by politicians as a complain agenda in order to attract voters. In this case, politicians make land use promises which might be popular but not beneficial to the public. According to the principle of common good, any act that leads to conflict of interest in land use or management is wrong. A common good is achieved when land management decisions enhance social welfare in the community (MacKinnon 89). It is also achieved when land management decisions promote peace and security. In the contrary, conflict of interest often leads to tensions and confrontations. For instance, biased land use policies led to bloody confrontation s between Africans and whites in South Africa during the apartheid period. The principles of land ethic should be upheld in situations where conflicts of interest are likely to arise. In this regard, the behavior of a decision-maker is deemed to be right if he abstains from taking any decision or action regarding land use that directly benefits him or his close relatives at the expense of the society. For instance, a land commissioner should disqualify himself from voting in a decision-making process that affects a region where he owns a relatively large piece of land. Finally, ethical obligations should be applicable in the local and the adjacent jurisdiction (MacKinnon 112). It is apparent that communities do not exist in isolation. Thus, their land use behaviors are likely to affect neighboring communities. For instance, farming along the upstream banks of a river will lead to water pollution which eventually affects the downstream communities. This is likely to happen if the riv er is an open access water resource (Sanghera and Satybaldieva 96-114). Even though the upstream communities have a right to use the river’s water for farming, their action is wrong since it hurts the downstream communities. If the upstream and downstream communities belong to different jurisdictions, the right action will involve enforcing land use policies that are binding in both jurisdictions. Concisely, each community must take responsibility for its behavior by refraining from any action that pollutes the river. Conclusion Ethics refers to principles and guidelines that govern the behavior of individuals in the society (Brassard 497-500). In the context of land use and management, these principles help individuals and communities to distinguish between right and wrong behaviors. However, community members often disagree on what should be classified as right or wrong land use behavior due to underlying values and attitudes.Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, certain behaviors can be deemed to be right and acceptable by some individuals. However, the same behaviors can be considered to be immoral, inappropriate and unacceptable by others. Consequently, the community must agree on common ethical standards that will guide the behavior of its members in regard to land use. This leads to the conclusion that an ethical individual must do what is right to do, rather than what he has a right to do. Brassard, Paul. Social and Land Use Ethics Surrounding Land Trusts. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economcis 42.2 (2000): 497-500. Print. MacKinnon, Barbara. Ethics: Theory and Contemporary Issues. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010. Print. Sanghera, Balihar and Elmira Satybaldieva. Ethics of Property, Illegal Settlements and the Right to Subsistence. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 32. 1 (2012): 96-114. Print. Wotapka, Dawn. College Housing Firms Aim Upscale. Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones and Company. 23 Oct. 2012. Web.

Feasibility Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Feasibility Report - Research Paper Example The university offers various facilities to facilitate the learning process that the students partake, hence, making it the fourth largest University in the state of Texas. The campus has a retention rate of approximately 63% of first-time freshmen; however, the number of students anticipated to increase with the execution of the admission principles. The new buildings, the renovation and the proposed housing solutions will indeed help in achieving the rise in retention rate. This will increase the University’s growth in the number of student receiving its full potential. Students’ retention at the University of Houston Downtown has proven to be a challenge. Over the years, the University has found it hard to preserve the large numbers of student intake. This paper is a feasibility report on a research that was initiated to find possible solutions to the addressed challenge. This report will scrutinize the possible solutions and offer recommendations and a conclusion. P roposed solutions The university of Houston downtown is the fourth largest university in the state of Texas. This shows the stretch of the high number of students using the university’s facilities. However, most of the students who join the University of Houston Downtown have trouble finding hostels or apartments within the school. The pressure of the growing population means that the administration has to find solutions in order to accommodate increasing numbers of student (Geiger Mass & College Prowler Firm, 2011). This has led to the three possible solutions that include; the leasing of off-campus apartments that are owned by the university; retaining first years by means of on campus housing program, renovating of the old buildings around the school for spacing and accommodation purposes (Geiger Mass & College Prowler Firm, 2011). Research Methods The following are the strengths, weaknesses, opportunity and threats (SWOT) analysis of these proposed solutions. Leasing of o ff-campus housing for students. According to my investigations, the university has considerable support from the neighboring properties owner but at a rate agreeable to both parties. The properties have the capacity to house approximately 12% of the students in the campus. The properties are in decent shape and are secure. The owners are interested in making a deal with the university; hence, the university has a chance to make the leasing agreement possible. The cost of the leasing can range from a minimum of 9% to 14% of the university’s income. The effectiveness of leasing oof-campus houses will be determined by terms of agreement by the University and the property owners. The implementation of this program is both time and money efficient. The deals also provide a threat to the successful implementation of this program. The parties involve may have disagreements over the rent rates (Simha & Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003). Either, charging some of the lease r ent to the student or focusing on the properties owners prepared to cooperate